The modern chemical industry The chemical industry experienced a first phase on the I Rev. Ind., is now experiencing unprecedented growth and they will find solutions for virtually all fields of production. Let’s see what the main developments. The soda will produce profitably after the discoveries of the Belgian Solvay, it ushered saltwater ammonia and sodium bicarbonate is generated easily become susceptible of soda, that multiplied the world sugar production. The artificial colors will replace the previous natural colors and products derived from coal such as tar and benzol. Research in this field was very strong due to high demand of the textile industry and in less than 20 years were found substitutes for all natural dyes. Explosives acquire a great development.Gunpowder was the only known and exploded on ignition (fire), they will discover new chemical explosives that explode by percussion as nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin, the latter from Italian Sobrero. In 1866 Alfred Nobel invented dynamite, a mixture of nitroglycerin and a type of clay called kieselguhr, this will generate a huge industry of explosives, of course, was Alfred Nobel who created the awards that bear his name. The dynamite would have important applications in mining and in the military field. In the field fertilizer demand will lead to the development of chemical fertilizers or synthetic fertilizers. It will produce superphosphate and sodium nitrate, the latter is made from mineral nitrates mainly from Chile. Europe was the area consumed more sodium nitrate. Other mineral elements essential for plants as well as chemically synthesized potassium fertilizer.
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